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Use of diabetes technology (CGM, pump) is recommended for people with T1D, and early CGM initiation leads to improved glucose values. We compare %CGM and %pump use and time to initiation from T1D diagnosis in the Historical cohort, 4T Pilot, and 4T Study 1 and the associated workflow changes to increase early technology use. CGM initiation within 30 days of diagnosis increased from 2% in the historical cohort to 92% in Pilot 4T to 98% in 4T Study 1 (Table). Days to pump initiation from TID diagnosis decreased from 272 in the historical cohort to 144 days in Study 1. From 2014-2016 pumps and CGM were initiated when families expressed interest or if the provider discussed them. Families were required to attend a pre-pump class where the CDCES introduced pumps and CGMs prior to starting technology. During the 4T Pilot and 4T Study 1, CGMs were introduced and started during the first month of diagnosis. In Study 1, families were encouraged to attend pump class and initiate AID. The CDCES team does the CGM teach, CGM follow-up, pre-pump classes, and insulin pump starts for the families in preferred language. In 4T Study 2 (enrolling) standard of care is to complete a pre-pump class in the first 3 months after diagnosis. Changes in processes can lead to early implementation of diabetes technology. A structured, team-based process to introduce, reduce barriers, and encourage families to utilize diabetes technology increases early initiation. Disclosure B.P.Conrad: Advisory Panel; Edgepark medical supplies, Consultant; Abbott Diabetes. P.Prahalad: None. D.M.Maahs: Advisory Panel; Medtronic, LifeScan Diabetes Institute, MannKind Corporation, Consultant; Abbott, Research Support; Dexcom, Inc. F.K.Bishop: None. J.Leverenz: None. A.Chmielewski: None. P.Sagan: None. J.Senaldi: None. A.Martinez-singh: None. S.Lin: None. I.Chan: None. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R18DK122422); The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (G-2002-04251-2); International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes/JDRF (1P30DK, 11607401); Lucile Packard Child 

In addition to their attractive technological applications in photovoltaics and light emitters, the perovskite family of semiconductors has recently emerged as an excellent excitonic material for fundamental studies. Specifically, the 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) offers the added advantage of room temperature investigations owing to their large exciton binding energy. In this work, we strongly couple excitons in 2D HOIP crystals to planar microcavity photons sustaining exciton-polaritons under ambient conditions resulting in a Rabi splitting of 290 meV. Dark excitons directly pump the polariton branch along its dispersion in resonance with the Stokes shifted emission state (radiative pumping), creating a high density of polaritons at higher in-plane momentum (k_||). We further probe the nonlinear polariton dispersion dynamics at varying input laser fluence, which indicates efficient polariton-polariton scattering and decay tok_|| = 0 from higherk_||. The observation of Stokes shift-assisted energy exchange of dark states with lower polaritons coupled with evidence of efficient polariton-polariton scattering makes 2D HOIPs an attractive platform to study exciton-polariton many-body physics and Bose-Einstein like condensation (BEC) at room temperature.

 

Abstract Superconducting on-chip filter banks provide a scalable, space saving solution to create imaging spectrometers at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths. We present an easy to realise, lithographed superconducting filter design with a high tolerance to fabrication error. Using a capacitively coupled $$\lambda /2$$ λ / 2 microstrip resonator to define a narrow ( $$\lambda /\Delta \lambda = 300$$ λ / Δ λ = 300 ) spectral pass band, the filtered output of a given spectrometer channel directly connects to a lumped-element kinetic inductance detector. We show the tolerance analysis of our design, demonstrating $$<11\%$$ < 11 % change in filter quality factor to any one realistic fabrication error and a full filter-bank efficiency forecast to be 50% after accounting for fabrication errors and dielectric loss tangent. 

Arsenic methylation contributes to the formation and diversity of environmental organoarsenicals, an important process in the arsenic biogeochemical cycle. The arsM gene encoding an arsenite (As(III)) S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) methyltransferase is widely distributed in members of every kingdom. A number of ArsM enzymes have been shown to have different patterns of methylation. When incubated with inorganic As(III), Burkholderia gladioli GSRB05 has been shown to synthesize the organoarsenical antibiotic arsinothricin (AST) but does not produce either methylarsenate (MAs(V)) or dimethylarsenate (DMAs(V)). Here, we show that cells of B. gladioli GSRB05 synthesize DMAs(V) when cultured with either MAs(III) or MAs(V). Heterologous expression of the BgarsM gene in Escherichia coli conferred resistance to MAs(III) but not As(III). The cells methylate MAs(III) and the AST precursor, reduced trivalent hydroxyarsinothricin (R-AST-OH) but do not methylate inorganic As(III). Similar results were obtained with purified BgArsM. Compared with ArsM orthologs, BgArsM has an additional 37 amino acid residues in a linker region between domains. Deletion of the additional 37 residues restored As(III) methylation activity. Cells of E. coli co-expressing the BgarsL gene encoding the noncanonical radical SAM enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of R-AST-OH together with the BgarsM gene produce much more of the antibiotic AST compared with E. coli cells co-expressing BgarsL together with the CrarsM gene from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which lacks the sequence for additional 37 residues. We propose that the presence of the insertion reduces the fitness of B. gladioli because it cannot detoxify inorganic arsenic but concomitantly confers an evolutionary advantage by increasing the ability to produce AST.